Best Affordable Chemical Exfoliant: Top Budget AHA, BHA, and PHA Picks

What is the difference between AHA, BHA, and PHA, and which should I choose?

AHAs (like glycolic and lactic acid) focus on surface smoothing and glow, so they are great for rough texture, dullness, and post-acne marks that look “stuck” on the surface. BHAs (salicylic acid and its derivatives) are oil-soluble, so they get into pores better and are usually the top pick for blackheads, congestion, and acne-prone skin. PHAs are generally the gentlest family, often giving light exfoliation with less sting, which is helpful if you flush easily or feel sensitive. If you are unsure, start with a mild BHA for clogged pores or a PHA if you react to everything.

How often should I use a chemical exfoliant if I am new to acids?

Less is almost always more at the beginning. Start with one product, one night a week, and keep the rest of your routine simple and soothing. If your skin feels comfortable (no lingering sting, tightness, or peeling), move up to two nights a week after a couple of weeks. Many people get great results at two to three nights weekly, especially with stronger AHAs or a potent leave-on BHA. Apply to clean, fully dry skin, then follow with a plain moisturizer. If you want to be extra cautious, you can “buffer” by moisturizing first and applying the exfoliant second.

Can I use a chemical exfoliant with retinol, vitamin C, or benzoyl peroxide?

You can, but do not stack everything on the same night when you are trying to stay irritation-free. A simple approach is to alternate: acids on one night, retinoid on another, and benzoyl peroxide on its own night if you use it. Vitamin C is often used in the morning, while exfoliating acids are usually easier to tolerate at night. If you are dealing with acne and using prescription treatments, it is worth checking with a dermatologist before combining actives, since irritation can creep up slowly and then suddenly flare. When in doubt, prioritize consistency over intensity.

Is “purging” real, and how can I tell if it is just irritation?

A true purge is a temporary increase in breakouts in areas where you normally clog, because the exfoliant is speeding up turnover. It usually settles within a few weeks if the product suits you and you are not overusing it. Irritation breakouts tend to look different: more redness, burning, itchiness, tightness, or breakouts in places you do not typically get them. If you see stinging that lasts, peeling, or a rash-like texture, pause the exfoliant and focus on barrier care for a week or two. Restart slower, or switch to a gentler acid type like PHA.

What should I do if I over-exfoliate?

Stop all exfoliants (and pause retinoids) until your skin feels calm again. Keep your routine to a gentle cleanser, a fragrance-free moisturizer, and daily sunscreen. Avoid hot water, scrubs, and “tingly” masks while your barrier is rebuilding. If your skin feels tight and shiny, add an extra layer of moisturizer at night, or use a simple occlusive on top in dry spots. Once your skin is comfortable for several days in a row, reintroduce exfoliation at a lower frequency. If you have persistent swelling, cracking, or intense burning, it is smart to check in with a professional.